The JAG's manned flyby attempted to integrate humans and robots. The spacecraft would release a robot lander as it neared Mars. The lander would touch down, scoop a sample, then immediately lift ...

The HALO module, a crucial component of the first Gateway space station, which is being developed in collaboration with ...

Bill Anders, Lunar Module Pilot of Apollo 8, the first manned spaceflight to leave ... Meanwhile robotic probes are still exploring Mars. Last month the InSight lander, which will sample the ...

For astronauts, this could mean coughing, irritated eyes, and sore throats in the short term, much like the Apollo crews experienced after tracking lunar dust into their landers. Over time, prolonged ...

The Space Race was at its height, and alongside their manned flights the two superpowers ... written up today as the first bug on Mars. When the lander collected Martian weather data, its computer ...