The shaded band indicates the normal range of extinction rates, known as "background extinction." The five peaks show the "Big Five" mass extinction events, when extinction rates sharply exceeded ...

The researchers used the algorithm in four PV system configurations with five different shade patterns. They found the MTSA obtained power errors of 0.0652 W, 0.00026 W, 0.00022 W, and 0.000067 W ...