This is a hard chapter to read. There's a lot of names and regional detail that we are not going to deal with. Try to filter out as much as you can and look for the big ideas. Here's a page-by-page ...

The partial pressure of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere has increased dramatically through time, and this increase is thought to have occurred in two rapid steps at both ends of the Proterozoic Eon (~2.5 ...

Advanced tools and expanded fossil datasets have painted a clearer picture of the eukaryotic diversity of the Proterozoic eon, which has been hard to quantify. The findings show that Earth's severe ...

Most modern marine ecology is ultimately based on unicellular phytoplankton, yet most large animals are unable to graze directly on even relatively large net phytoplankton; the repackaging effected by ...

During the Proterozoic era, oxygen produced by photosynthesizing bacteria collects in the oceans and then in the atmosphere. Iron present in exposed rocks reacts with this oxygen, and rust colors the ...

A new study led by researchers at Yale and McGill University reveals how fluctuations in the Earth’s oxygen levels over 700 million years ago may have set the stage for the diversification of ...

When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. The Precambrian is the name given for the first super eon of Earth’s history. This division of ...

Announcing a new publication for Geosystems and Geoenvironment journal. Geosystems and Geoenvironment is a quarterly international interdisciplinary journal in English that publishes high quality ...

If all the world's a stage and all the species merely players, then their exits and entrances can be found in the rock record. Fossilized skeletons and shells clearly show how evolution and extinction ...

Fossilized skeletons and shells clearly show how evolution and extinction unfolded over the past half a billion years, but a new analysis extends the chart of life to nearly 2 billion years ago. The ...