Conclusions: TB is still a major public health problem in the world, and there is a rising tendency of extrapulmonary TB incidences in the developed countries. Because of the high mortality and ...

Risk factors associated with extrapulmonary TB among US veterans include non-Hispanic Black race, diabetes, HIV infection, and severe kidney disease.

The most common site of extrapulmonary TB infection was the pleural cavity. Comorbidities associated with extrapulmonary TB include diabetes mellitus, HIV and severe kidney disease. A large study ...

Breast tuberculosis (BTB) is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that can present significant diagnostic challenges. While tuberculosis is commonly associated with pulmonary infections ...

Additionally, the heart and the lining of the lungs ... are particularly susceptible to extrapulmonary TB. Patients with conditions like diabetes, as well as those on long-term steroid medications ...

Although cutaneous TB accounts for only 1% to 1.5% of extrapulmonary TB cases, its diagnosis and treatment present unique challenges, particularly in high-burden countries where TB remains a ...

In contrast to pulmonary tuberculosis, which is not a diagnostic challenge, disseminated disease without typical miliary pattern on plain chest x-ray or extrapulmonary tuberculosis without ...

The tuberculosis rate among U.S. patients with kidney failure from 2010 to 2021was 10-fold higher than that of the general ...

One adult who received a clinical diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB disease declined treatment despite extensive measures on the part of public health and clinicians. Local public health staff ...