A few weeks ago, I wrote about fixing the VDO windshield washer pump in a vintage European car. As part of that, I quickly stepped through troubleshooting the system to reach the point where I ...

Before beginning a detailed discussion of the various electrical components and their uses, a discussion of the basics of measuring the three major electrical quantities is in order. In Chapter 1 the ...

It is assumed that the student has a basic knowledge of electricity and electronics and is familiar with basic definitions. To recap, the three basic passive components resistors, capacitors, and ...

Any building or electrical installation must have an electrical service unless it has an onsite power supply or connects via feeder to some other installation that itself has a service. Requirements ...

Understanding the branch-circuit requirements in Art. 210 is critical to completing Code-compliant installations. Article 100 defines a “branch circuit” as the ...

An electrical schematic diagram might look like a nonsensical drawing to the layman, but to the electrical engineer, it’s a high-level documentation that provides a ton of insight and instruction. The ...

Andy recommends favorite resources for basic op amp circuits and includes a portion of TI's AN-20. Test your knowledge with our op amp quiz; answer explanations are included. By 1969, a fledgling ...

It's standard: You overkill the positive side of the 12-volt circuit andignore the ground circuit. Basic electrical circuit design requires acomplete path back to the battery through the ground ...

For reliability, designers must create flex circuits that are neither too thick nor bend too much. • Every flex circuit has a neutral-bend axis. • Smaller circuit thickness reduces the risk of damage ...